MRI findings of radiation induced-encephalopathy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
LIU Yajie YI Junlin OUYANG Han
(Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China)
【Abstract】 Objective To observe the MRI findings and evaluate its diagnostic value for radiation-induced encephalopathy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods Thirty-eight patients with diagnosis of radiation-induced encephalopathy were retrospectively reviewed. All patients were diagnosed on grounds of clinical manifestations, MRI, and/or pathology. Results In these 38 patients, 54 lesions were observed. The lesions were mainly in the bilateral or unilateral temporal lobes (90.7%). There are two typical MRI features: (1). Finger edema and focal necrosis-Finger edema was observed in 44 lesions. T1WI showed that there was low signal intensity in 35 lesions (35/44), iso-signal intensity in 5, and no abnormal findings in 4. T2WI showed high signal intensity in 42 lesions, iso-signal intensity or mixed high signal intensity in 2. T1WI plus Gd-DTPA showed gyrus or irregular rings of enhancement in the bottom of temporal lobes. The majority of the enhanced lesions were 1.5~3.0?cm above the skull base plane. Only 5 patients had space-occupying effect (13.2%). (2). Cyst liquefaction (encephalomalacia)-T1WI showed a well-demarcated and rounded low signal intensity as collection of cerebrospinal fluid (5/5). T2WI showed high signal intensity (4/5) or low signal intensity (1/5). T1WI plus Gd-DTPA showed no enhancement on the cystic wall. There was no space-occupying effect. Five patients had an encephalopathy in the pons of brain stem (9.3%). MR image in T1WI of these patients showed low signal intensity (3/5) or iso-signal intensity (2/5) whereas T2WI showed high signal intensity (5/5). There was no space-occupying effect. Conclusions The MRI findings are characteristic in radiation-induced encephalopathy observed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. MRI is important in the diagnosis of radiation-induced encephalopathy.
【Key words】 Nasopharyngeal neoplasms/radiotherapy; Magnetic resonance imaging;Radiation injury;Radiation induced encephalopathy
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